Cydonia oblonga 6839
Author: Philip Miller (1691-1771)Family: Rosaceae Subfamily: Amygdaloideae Tribe: Maleae Subtribe: Malinae
Genus: Cydonia
English name: Common quince
Zone: Mediterranean
Description
Originally from Asia, native in Caucasia, northern Iran and possibly northern Iraq. It was introduced to Europe, particularly in the Mediterranean basin. It grows in rich, moist soils.
Cydonia oblonga Observed in Spain by Claudia Fernández (license)
Botanical Description
This is a large shrub or small tree up to 8m. The twigs are sparsely tomentose when young, becoming glabrous.
The leaves are ovate to oblong or occasionally suborbicular, up to 10 x 7cm, entire, bilaterally white-tomentose at first, becoming glabrous above and densely villous beneath. The petiole is 1-2cm. The flowers are 4-6cm in diameter, sepals glandular, toothed, reflexed.
The fruit is pyriform or subglobose, 5-12cm, yellowish, fragrant.
Edible plant
It is edible thanks to its fruits which are called quince. With a pungent raw flavor, it is mainly used cooked in compote, jelly, marmalade, fruit paste or as an accompaniment to meats. It can be made into syrup, wine or liqueur and used to make chutney.
Medicinal plant
The quince pulp is tonic and astringent. The quince preparations calm among others diarrhea and dysentery, coughing up blood, uterine and hemorrhoidal hemorrhages, acute enteritis and leucorrhea. It also improves the tone of the intestine. The leaves are slightly astringent and febrifuge. In infusion, they have a calming and sedative effect. In application, they are used to cleanse and activate wound healing. Along with other herbs, they are useful for whooping cough and insomnia. The seeds are softening and emollient. They are used against bronchitis, coughs and as a laxative. In application, they are epitheliogenic which helps to treat frostbite, cracks, burns, excoriations, hemorrhoids, aphthous erosions and bedsores. As a gargle, quince juice treats gingivitis, canker sores and sore throats.
The leaves are ovate to oblong or occasionally suborbicular, up to 10 x 7cm, entire, bilaterally white-tomentose at first, becoming glabrous above and densely villous beneath. The petiole is 1-2cm. The flowers are 4-6cm in diameter, sepals glandular, toothed, reflexed.
The fruit is pyriform or subglobose, 5-12cm, yellowish, fragrant.
Edible plant
It is edible thanks to its fruits which are called quince. With a pungent raw flavor, it is mainly used cooked in compote, jelly, marmalade, fruit paste or as an accompaniment to meats. It can be made into syrup, wine or liqueur and used to make chutney.
Medicinal plant
The quince pulp is tonic and astringent. The quince preparations calm among others diarrhea and dysentery, coughing up blood, uterine and hemorrhoidal hemorrhages, acute enteritis and leucorrhea. It also improves the tone of the intestine. The leaves are slightly astringent and febrifuge. In infusion, they have a calming and sedative effect. In application, they are used to cleanse and activate wound healing. Along with other herbs, they are useful for whooping cough and insomnia. The seeds are softening and emollient. They are used against bronchitis, coughs and as a laxative. In application, they are epitheliogenic which helps to treat frostbite, cracks, burns, excoriations, hemorrhoids, aphthous erosions and bedsores. As a gargle, quince juice treats gingivitis, canker sores and sore throats.
References
- Dictionnaire des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France, Paul-Victor Fournier. 2010 pag. 299. ISBN
- Encyclopédie des plantes alimentaires, Michel Chauvet. 2018 pag. 587. ISBN
- Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, P.H. Davies. 1984 Vol. 4 pag. 157. ISBN
- Larousse des plantes médicinales, A. Chevallier. 2019. ISBN
- Plantes comestibles, cueillette & recettes des 4 saisons, C. Anglade, G. Lalière, C. Leray. 2012. ISBN
- Useful Temperate Plants. Cydonia oblonga
- Encyclopédie des plantes alimentaires, Michel Chauvet. 2018 pag. 587. ISBN
- Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, P.H. Davies. 1984 Vol. 4 pag. 157. ISBN
- Larousse des plantes médicinales, A. Chevallier. 2019. ISBN
- Plantes comestibles, cueillette & recettes des 4 saisons, C. Anglade, G. Lalière, C. Leray. 2012. ISBN
- Useful Temperate Plants. Cydonia oblonga
References for the genus
- Wild Crop Relatives: Genomic and Breeding Resources : Temperates Fruits, Guo-Qing Song & James F. Hancock. 2011. DOI
General specifications
Biological type: shrub
Frost resistance: 5ºF
Leaf color: dark green
Flower color: yellow
Invasive plant: Yes
Indexed Sensitive to the insect Aleurocanthus spiniferus The Regional Directorate for Food, Agriculture and Forestry.
Indexed Major risk Invasive and potentially invasive alien plant species Mediterranean.
Indexed Susceptible to the bacteria Erwinia anrylovora The Regional Directorate for Food, Agriculture and Forestry.
Specifications for the Mediterranean basin
Adult size (h x w): 16,4ft x 16,4ft
Sun exposure: full sun (Sun hours: >6h Foliage: deciduous
Growth: average
Flowering time at May
Specific information for our garden
Planting substrate: 20%Compost+40%Clay+40%Sand
Plant watering: 1x a week pH 6.5
Logical sequence of containers for: Trees; forestry plate, forestry pot 3L, container 6L, container 55L, container 110L, container 240L
Propagation is done by cuttings
Units in the garden: 4x
Frost resistance: 5ºF
Leaf color: dark green
Flower color: yellow
Invasive plant: Yes
Indexed Sensitive to the insect Aleurocanthus spiniferus The Regional Directorate for Food, Agriculture and Forestry.
Indexed Major risk Invasive and potentially invasive alien plant species Mediterranean.
Indexed Susceptible to the bacteria Erwinia anrylovora The Regional Directorate for Food, Agriculture and Forestry.
Specifications for the Mediterranean basin
Adult size (h x w): 16,4ft x 16,4ft
Sun exposure: full sun (Sun hours: >6h Foliage: deciduous
Growth: average
Flowering time at May
Specific information for our garden
Planting substrate: 20%Compost+40%Clay+40%Sand
Plant watering: 1x a week pH 6.5
Logical sequence of containers for: Trees; forestry plate, forestry pot 3L, container 6L, container 55L, container 110L, container 240L
Propagation is done by cuttings
Units in the garden: 4x
Sowing instructions
SPRING Soak the seeds in ambient water for 12h. Keep under room temperature for 2 weeks in a humid substrate. Keep in refrigerator at 39°F for 18 weeks in humid substrat. Sow the seeds on the surface of 40%Compost+20%Peet+40%Sand between 50-59°F. During germination keep the substrate moist and in daylight. The seeds germinate in 6-10 weeks.
The average seed weight is 28,9 per gram (0,03462g).
Germination references
- Useful Temperate Plants. Cydonia oblonga
The average seed weight is 28,9 per gram (0,03462g).
Germination references
- Useful Temperate Plants. Cydonia oblonga
This plant is available from the following nurseries
Experiences in the garden
10-02-18A Obtaining 5 plants from nursery Naudet, they are in our nursery Petit22 3x C6
13-07-21 1x Dead plant because of substrate problem: Petit22 C6.
21-09-18 1x Dead plant due to repotting without watering: Petite Pép.
26-02-18B Obtaining 4 plants from nursery Margheriti, they are planted in zone(s) JTMed
19-03-21C Obtaining seeds from seed provider Rare Palm Seeds.
27-10-21 Sown 30 seeds in a seed plate F and germinated at 17-08-22 in Serre5.
Protocol: Autumn Strat Hum 18wk Surface Humus 64-72°F Damp substrate+Light 6-10w
21-12-23 Sown 72 seeds in a seed plate F, they did not geminate in Serre11.
Protocol: Spring Soak 68°F 12h Strat Ambient 2wk Strat Hum 18wk Surface Humus 50-59°F Damp substrate+Light 6-10w
. . . 2021C Production of 1 plants in our nursery
26-06-24 1x Plant not found in nursery: Serre5 F3.